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Underwater Quantum/PAR Sensors
Photosynthetic radiation is essential for the growth of the photosynthetic organisms such as corals. The wavelength range from 400 to 700 nm is PAR (Photosynthetically Active Radiation) or PPFD (Photosynthetic Photon Flux Density). Apogee quantum/PAR sensors are calibrated to measure the number of photons of light across this range.
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product
Line Quantum Sensor
LI-191R
The LI-191R Line Quantum Sensor measures PAR integrated over its 1-meter length. It is used to measure sunlight under a plant canopy, where the light field is non-uniform. The LI-191R makes it easy to measure under-canopy light in many plots quickly and consistently. It measures light in units of Photosynthetic Photon Flux Density (PPFD), which is expressed as μmol s-1 m-2.
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product
Spherical Underwater Quantum Sensor
LI-193
The LI-193 Spherical Quantum Sensor measures PAR in air or underwater from all directions at depths up to 350 meters. This sensor is useful for studies of phytoplankton, which uses radiation from all directions. The measurement is referred to as Photosynthetic Photon Flux Fluence Rate (PPFFR) or Quantum Scalar Irradiance.
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product
Underwater Quantum Sensor
LI-192
The LI-192 Underwater Quantum Sensor measures PAR from all angles in one hemisphere. The LI-192 works in air or underwater at depths up to 560 meters. The measurements are cosine corrected and typically expressed as Photosynthetic Photon Flux Density (PPFD). For simultaneous measurements of downwelling and upwelling PAR, two sensors can be mounted on the 2009S Lowering Frame.
